Nepal's Climate Diplomacy

Climate change has lately emerged as a key agenda in the world. Until the late 20th century, this issue had been narrowly defined as a domain of science. Now environment and climate change no longer remain to be scientific connotation alone but topic of household talks.  It has been a key part of political, economic, foreign policy, security, human rights, development, and diplomatic agendas.  

The world seems to be nearing the climate tipping point, which has raised greater alarm worldwide. Scientists and environmentalists are of the view that Earth’s temperature has been at an alarming level that was not felt for millions of years. If the present trend of greenhouse gas emissions and temperature rise continues unabated, the human species may see its extinction soon. This is therefore humanity’s existential issue. However, some countries, especially in the Global North, appear to be hesitant to take this matter with utmost seriousness. 

Massive deforestation

Climate change is caused by a global temperature rise. The average temperature is rising every year due mainly to the burning of carbon-based fuels, massive deforestation, and other human activities in the name of development. All human beings are, in one way or another, responsible for global warming in general, but the Global North and fossil fuel-producing countries are more accountable. The global temperature has risen at the rate of about 0.2 degrees Celsius per decade compared to the pre-industrial period (1850–1900). Earth is facing the climate change consequences in multiple forms, including cyclones, floods, landslides, snow melting, drying of water sources, drought, changes in weather patterns, and sea level rise, among many.  The developing and the least developed countries are facing more recurrent climate change-induced challenges and threats due to the mistakes they did not commit.  Instead, the countries in the Global South are suffering from the crimes committed by others. 

As the threat of environmental degradation and climate change continues to afflict the world, there has been greater advocacy to address climate change issues globally. Right from the 19th century, scientists have been working in this field and have established the connection between carbon emissions and global temperature rise. Now countries have taken this issue in national and international forums with more seriousness. This is how environmental and climate change issues started emerging as a key agenda in international politics and diplomacy.